Haroon Ahmad, Hasnain Abbas, Muhammad Mansoor, and Muhammad Ali Qureshi. “A COMPARATIVE REVIEW OF MACHINE LEARNING TECHNIQUES FOR EMAIL SPAM DETECTION: FROM CLASSICAL MODELS TO MULTIMODEL DEEP LEARNING”. Spectrum of Engineering Sciences, vol. 3, no. 12, Dec. 2025, pp. 1390-6, https://thesesjournal.com/index.php/1/article/view/1811.