IRSA MANZOOR; MUHAMMAD SAJID MAQBOOL; FAISAL SHAHZAD; MUQADAS NADEEM; AMNA ZULFIQAR; SYEDA QANITAH NAQVI. A FRAMEWORK FOR HATE SPEECH IDENTIFICATION USING OPTIMIZED TEXT FEATURES AND NATURAL LANGUAGE PROCESSING ON TWITTER DATASET. Spectrum of Engineering Sciences, [S. l.], v. 4, n. 6, p. 1389–1405, 2026. Disponível em: https://thesesjournal.com/index.php/1/article/view/3213. Acesso em: 14 jun. 2026.