GROVER'S ALGORITHM FOR INFORMATION RETRIEVAL IN QUANTUM COMPUTING: ORACLE DESIGN OPTIMIZATION, ALGORITHM TAXONOMY, COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS, AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS
Keywords:
Grover's Algorithm, Oracle Design Optimization, Quantum Information Retrieval, Phase Oracle, NISQ Devices, Adaptive Oracle, Amplitude Estimation, IBM Quantum, Oracle Decomposition, Quantum Circuit Optimization.Abstract
In this paper, Grover's Algorithm is surveyed in quantum computation, specifically regarding optimizing oracles for information extraction via quantum means. The phase oracle plays a central role in achieving Grover's quadratic speedup of O(√N) versus classical O(N), but implementing it efficiently proves to be a major difficulty in current Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) hardware, increasing gate and coherence errors. Through a detailed review of twenty peer-reviewed papers, a taxonomy of algorithms is discussed based on Grover's search, hybrid classical-quantum oracles, amplitude estimation oracles, parallel oracle processing, and NISQ-era oracle optimization. Comparative analysis is performed on IBM Quantum's Eagle r3 processor (127 qubits). Key open problems identified include: Oracle Construction Overhead, General Adaptive Oracle Theory, QRAM Bottleneck in Oracle Data Loading, and lack of Standard Oracle Benchmarks.
