NUMERICAL SIMULATION AND PERFORMANCE OPTIMIZATION OF A LEAD-FREE Rb₂SnBr₆-BASED PEROVSKITE SOLAR CELL USING SCAPS-1D

Abstract

This study reports a numerical investigation of a lead-free perovskite solar cell towards addressing the limitations of toxicity and stability imposed on conventional lead based solar cells. A v

acancy-ordered double perovskite, Rb₂SnBr₆, was used as the absorber layer and examined by the SCAPS-1D simulation tool. The proposed device structure is FTO/TiO₂/Rb₂SnBr₆/CuI/Au where TiO₂ and CuI serve as an electron and hole transport layer, respectively. Key device parameters such as absorber thickness, defect density, ETL thickness, donor density and work temperatures have been systematically optimized in order to improve the photovoltaic device performance. Using the optimized conditions, the power conversion efficiency of the device was found to be 32.66%, an open circuit voltage of 1.154 V, a short circuit current density of 31.64 mA/cm², and a fill factor of 89.44%. These results demonstrate the high potential of Rb₂SnBr₆ as a stable and non-toxic absorber material for high efficiency lead-free perovskite solar cells.