STRUCTURAL AND MORPHOLOGY PROPERTIES OF CALCIUM DOPED NICKEL FERRITE NANO PARTICLES BY CO-PRECIPITATION METHOD

Abstract

This work synthesizes and structurally identifies calcium-doped nickel ferrite nanocomposite (CaNiFe2O4 nanocomposite) using a co-precipitation method, therefore emphasising the effect of processing conditions on shape and crystallographic characteristics. Under alkaline circumstances (pH 12), co- precipitating stoichiometric aqueous solutions of FeS⁺, Ni²⁺, and Ca²⁺ with sodium hydroxide started to show crystalline phase. The combination heated 2 h at 700°C thermally. Xray diffraction (XRD) examination revealed a single-phase cubic spinel architecture and also indicated the existence of crystallites on the nanoscale by means of broad diffraction peaks. The mean crystallite size varied from 56.6 nm to 71.9 nm using Scherrer's formula; the Xray density values stayed 5.0745.088 g/cm¹, suggesting no structural deformation independent of synthesis parameters variations. Homogeneous particle distribution and fine morphology resulted by limiting secondary phase growth by regulating pH during precipitation and consistent temperature processing. The coprecipitation method stabilises dopant inclusion into the ferrite lattice as all samples show spinel symmetry. Moreover, the tailored structural components and nanoscale scales imply possible significance as scaled dependent magnetic behaviour is fundamental in magnetic storage, catalysis, and medicinal applications. This work offers a scalable approach for synthesising doped ferrrite nanoparticles with best functional characteristics by stressing the need for pH control and calcination temperature in different crystallite size and phase purity.